Performance and safety evaluation of winch systems used on firefighting vehicles
Abstract
Winch systems mounted on firefighting vehicles represent a crucial technological component in rescue and technical operations. The aim of this paper is to analyze the benefits of steel and synthetic ropes used in winches and to evaluate their impact on operational time efficiency in various rescue scenarios. The methodology included a comparative analysis of technical parameters (tensile strength, weight, service life, and thermal resistance) and the evaluation of three case studies: the evacuation of a person from depth, the stabilization of an overturned bus, and logistical support during a forest fire.
The results showed that steel ropes achieved the highest tensile strength and reliability under elevated temperatures, while synthetic ropes offered reduced weight and easier handling but were limited in use above 200 °C. Time analysis of the case studies confirmed that the deployment of winches shortened response times by an average of 25–35% compared to operations without their use.
The discussion highlights the role of winches not only as a technical accessory but as a strategic element of firefighting and rescue tactics. The conclusion emphasizes the need for further research into hybrid ropes, the integration of smart sensors, and the standardization of testing protocols. The findings have direct applicability for fire brigades, equipment manufacturers, and regulatory bodies.
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